By Marc Jones, for Reuters
Photo: AFP / Charly Tribelleau
World stocks, the dollar and oil all tumbled as President Donald Trump's drastic new US trade tariffs stoked fears of a global recession and led investors to seek safe-haven assets like bonds and the yen.
A new baseline 10 percent tariff on imported goods plus some eye-watering reciprocal tariffs on dozens of countries that Trump said had unfair trade barriers left traders rattled by their severity.
Wall Street's S&P 500 and Nasdaq futures were down 3.4 percent and 3.9 percent, respectively, ahead of what was expected to be a turbulent U.S. start. A 2 percent decline had the dollar heading for its worst daily drubbing since November 2022 and toughest start to any year since 1995.
In Europe, where the 27-country EU bloc now faces a 20 percent reciprocal levy, bourses lurched between declines of 1.3 percent and 2.6 percent as Brussels and other capitals voiced uproar.
In Asia, where some of the harshest tariffs were focused, Tokyo dropped 2.7 percent and faced its worst week in nearly two years. Vietnam was clobbered even harder.
Analysts at JPMorgan said the tariffs were "significantly higher than the realistic worst-case scenario" predicted.
Traders work on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) moments before the Closing Bell and the start of President Donald Trump's news conference on tariffs on April 02, 2025 in New York City. Photo: SPENCER PLATT / AFP
Credit rating agency Fitch warned they were a "game-changer" for the US and global economy, while Deutsche Bank called them a "once in a lifetime" moment that could knock between 1-1.5 percent off US growth this year.
"Many countries will likely end up in a recession," said Fitch's head of US economic research, Olu Sonola. "You can throw most forecasts out the door if this tariff rate stays on for an extended period of time."
Shortly afterwards, Fitch downgraded China's credit rating, citing the steep US tariffs as a reason.
The scramble for ultra-safe government bonds that provide a guaranteed income drove US Treasury yields down towards 4 percent and Germany's 10-year yield, the European benchmark borrowing rate, fell 8.5 basis points to 2.64 percent.
The sweeping new tariffs will raise effective import taxes in the world's largest economy to the highest levels in a century. If they do trigger recessions, central banks around the world are likely to slash interest rates, which benefit bonds.
Wall Street was braced for a savaging on Thursday (local time).
Apple was down 6.5 percent, hit by the tariffs on China - the base for much of its manufacturing. Amazon.com was down over 5 percent, Microsoft 1.8 percent, and AI poster child Nvidia was down 3.5 percent.
That comes after trillions off dollars were already wiped off the 'Magnificent Seven' tech giants this year as worries have mounted.
"This is how you sabotage the world's economic engine while claiming to supercharge it," said Nigel Green, CEO of global financial advisory deVere Group.
China focus
Trump's levies impacted Asia particularly hard. China was hit with a 34 percent reciprocal tariff, Japan got 24 percent, South Korea 25 percent and Vietnam 46 percent.
Vietnamese stocks slumped 6.7 percent in response and Nike, Adidas and Puma, who all source heavily from Vietnam and other Asian producers, were pummelled as much as 10 percent.
The risk-sensitive Australian dollar also fell and with China, Canada and Europe all promising countermeasures, investors were selling exposure to global growth.
Oil, a proxy for economic activity, dropped as much 4 percent to push Brent back below $72 a barrel and firmly on course for its worst day of the year so far.
Gold hit a record high above $3,160 an ounce before running out of steam while Japan's yen jumped more than 1.5 percent to 147.01 per dollar as foreign exchange traders looked for safety outside the US dollar.
The Swiss franc, another traditional safety play touched its strongest level in four months as the euro surged 2 percent to $1.10.
"The consequences will be dire for millions of people around the globe," EU chief Ursula von der Leyen said, adding the 27-member bloc was preparing to hit back if talks with Washington failed. "Uncertainty will spiral and trigger the rise of further protectionism."
China held its currency relatively steady, containing the yuan's drop to about 0.4 percent despite total tariffs of above 50 percent on Chinese exports and the hit to Vietnam seen as shutting down a popular work-around route.
China's big domestic economy and the hope of support from Beijing limited losses in Hong Kong stocks to about 1.5 percent and in Shanghai to around 0.5 percent.
The key focus over the next few days should be on whether the dollar continues to sink and how Europe and China might respond, said Deutsche Bank strategist George Saravelos.
"Given the dramatic nature of the moves, we are becoming increasingly concerned that the dollar is at risk of a broader confidence crisis," he warned.
(Additional reporting by Tom Westbrook in Singapore and Alun John in London)
-Reuters
